Refactor app initialization: encapsulate Flask app setup and database initialization within a create_app function, improving modularity and error handling during startup.

website/app.py

@@ -6,15 +6,33 @@ from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
 from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash
 import json
 
-app = Flask(__name__)
-app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY', 'default-dev-key')
-app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///mindmap.db'
-app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False
-
-db = SQLAlchemy(app)
-login_manager = LoginManager(app)
+db = SQLAlchemy()
+login_manager = LoginManager()
 login_manager.login_view = 'login'
 
+def create_app():
+    app = Flask(__name__)
+    app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY', 'default-dev-key')
+    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///mindmap.db'
+    app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False
+
+    db.init_app(app)
+    login_manager.init_app(app)
+
+    with app.app_context():
+        # Initialize database and create root node
+        db.create_all()
+        try:
+            root = MindMapNode.query.filter_by(parent_id=None).first()
+            if not root:
+                root = MindMapNode(name="Wissenschaft")
+                db.session.add(root)
+                db.session.commit()
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"Error initializing database: {str(e)}")
+
+    return app
+
 # Database Models
 class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
     id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
@@ -276,27 +294,6 @@ def admin():
     
     return render_template('admin.html', users=users, nodes=nodes, thoughts=thoughts)
 
-@app.before_first_request
-def initialize_database():
-    db.create_all()
-    # Create root node if it doesn't exist
-    if not MindMapNode.query.first():
-        root = MindMapNode(name="Wissenschaft")
-        db.session.add(root)
-        db.session.commit()
-
-# Flask starten
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    with app.app_context():
-        # Initialize database and create root node
-        db.create_all()
-        try:
-            root = MindMapNode.query.filter_by(parent_id=None).first()
-            if not root:
-                root = MindMapNode(name="Wissenschaft")
-                db.session.add(root)
-                db.session.commit()
-        except Exception as e:
-            print(f"Error initializing database: {str(e)}")
-    
+    app = create_app()
     app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=6000, debug=True)